Evaluation of sagittal root position of maxillary anterior teeth: A cross-sectional CBCT study

• Author Details:   
• Shweta Hinduja ^*
• Vasavi Santosh
• Mandavi Waghmare

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Introduction: Precise implant placement in the maxillary anterior region is critical for esthetics and function. Sagittal Root Position (SRP), referring to the natural tooth's position within the alveolar bone, significantly impacts post-extraction site morphology, implant stability, and bone integrity. This study evaluated SRP prevalence in the Indian population to provide essential baseline data for implant treatment planning.

Methods: We analyzed 100 CBCT scans of the anterior maxilla, assessing all six anterior teeth. SRP was classified using a established system: Class 1 (root against labial cortical plate), Class 2 (root centered), Class 3 (root against palatal cortical plate), and Class 4 (root engaging both cortical plates). Frequency and bilateral symmetry were analyzed, along with gender comparisons.

Results: A favorable Class I position was found in 46.6% of teeth. The unfavorable Class III position was rare, at just 0.33%. Bilateral symmetry was high, especially for canines (80%) and lateral incisors (76%). SRP showed no significant gender differences, except for specific lateral incisors and canines.

Conclusion: The high prevalence of Class I SRP in the Indian population suggests generally favorable conditions for immediate implant placement in the maxillary anterior region. Identifying SRP through CBCT is crucial for effective pre-surgical planning, enabling clinicians to predict implant stability and mitigate risks, ultimately optimizing implant success and esthetics.

Keywords: Sagittal root position, Maxillary anterior, Dental implants, CBCT.